Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic Operators are the heartbeat of every math calculation. Arithmetic is a hidden skill that simplifies daily decisions—whether splitting a bill, calculating profit, or measuring ingredients for a recipe. With a solid grip on arithmetic operation, you are not playing with numbers—you’re boosting your confidence, making clarity, and controlling life’s most practical moments.

So, let’s dive into the arithmetic operations with thrill!

Firstly About Arithmetic:

Arithmetic is the most important branch of mathematics—that deals with numbers. It serves as the base of mathematics and is connected with all other branches of mathematics. Arithmetic originates from the Greek word “arithmos,” meaning “number.”. It is all about the science of the numbers, like…

• Natural Number
• Whole Number 
• Integer Number 
• Rational Number 
• Irrational Number 
• Real Number 
• Complex Number

Before proceeding to the definition of the arithmetic operators, let’s discuss operators and operands.

Operator:

An operator is a symbol or function that indicates a specific mathematical process or action to be performed on one or more operands (numbers or expressions). Operators are the building blocks of mathematical expressions and equations.

Example of Operator:

• Addition ( + )
• Subtraction ( – )

Operand:

The operand is the value or quantity that the operator acts upon.

Example of operand:

For example: 3 + 5, here 3 and 5 are operands and + is an operator. 

Arithmetic Operators:

An arithmetic operator is a mathematical symbol or function used to perform basic and advanced numeric calculations. These operators use different operands, manipulate them, and produce a specific result. Arithmetic operators are usually considered the foundation of mathematical expressions and widely used in practical applications such as computing, physics, and finance. 

Some arithmetic operators use a single operand, while others use multiple operands. An operator that works with a single operand is called a unary operator, like increment (++) or decrement (–) operators. An operator that works with two operands is called a binary operator, like addition (+) or subtraction (-).

Four Basic Arithmetic Operators:

 Here is the list of basic arithmetic operators with their symbols:

Addition (+)

Addition is the first arithmetic operators. It is process of combining two or more values to find their total, symbolizing growth and unity. It’s the foundation of arithmetic, bringing numbers together seamlessly.

It is not just a game of adding figures—it’s brain training that sparks creativity, confidence, and joy. 

In the dominance of mental math, addition becomes a delightful brain game, igniting a sense of feat as you seamlessly combine values. Imagine the happiness of mentally adding the bill of your grocery items or quickly determining your total savings. 

How does addition work?

Addition begins with things you can see and touch—like toys, candies, or even your fingers. If you buy an apple for $15, a banana for $3, and some date for $7, mental math helps you quickly calculate the total: 15 + 3 + 7 = $25.

This real-life example helps young minds to connect numbers with real-world meaning.

Subtraction (−)

Subtraction is the second arithmetic operators. It is the process of taking one value away from another to find the difference. It helps to simplify problems by removing parts of a whole—a tool for clarity and precision. 

In mental math, subtraction transforms into experience, allowing you to get rid of the unnecessary and focus on what truly matters. Think of calculating how much change you’re owed or planning a budget. Every successful subtraction evokes a sense of relief and empowerment, reminding you that simplicity and clarity often lie just a calculation away.

How does subtraction work?

Subtraction isn’t just about “taking away.” It’s a skill that empowers both young learners and adults to declutter numbers and solve real-life puzzles with ease. You have $50 and spend $18 on groceries. Mentally calculating 50 – 18 gives you $32 left

Multiplication (×, *)

Multiplication is the third arithmetic operators. It is the mathematical process of combining equal groups to find the total, symbolizing growth and scaling. It’s not just repetitive addition—it’s a leap toward bigger outcomes. It’s a shortcut for repeated addition, making problem-solving faster and more efficient.

How does multiplication work?

Multiplication is essentially repeated addition. For example, 3 x 2 is the same as adding  3 + 3, which equals 6. It makes multiplication feel like a natural extension of addition. Multiplication can be taught using everyday objects. If each box of chocolates has 6 pieces and you buy 4 boxes, you can quickly determine the total: 6 × 4 = 24 chocolates.”

Division (÷, / ):

Division is the fourth arithmetic operators. It is a process of splitting a number into equal parts or groups. It helps to find out how many times one number can fit into another.

In mental math, it becomes your ally in solving real-life puzzles. Imagine the pride of quickly dividing a restaurant check among friends or determining the cost per item—it’s the kind of mental clarity that makes you feel in sync with the world. 

How does division work?

Think of division as asking, “How many groups?” or “How much does each person get?”

Splitting a $120 restaurant bill among 4 friends is pretty simple with mental math: 120 ÷ 4 = $30 per person.

120 4 = 30

Examples of Arithmetic Operators:

Here are some examples in the form of mathematical expressions.

1. 3 × 12 = 36
2. 28 ÷ 7 = 4
3. 21 + 19 = 40
4. 43 − 21 = 22

How to Perform Arithmetic Operations in Mental Math?

Arithmetic operations in mental math mean relying on quick calculation techniques without using a calculator or paper.

• For addition: Combine numbers efficiently by grouping values. For example, to add 15 + 7 + 3, first add 15 + 7 = 22, then 22 + 3 = 25.

• For subtraction: Break numbers down to simplify calculations. If you have 50 and spend 18, first subtract 10 (50 – 10 = 40), then subtract 8 (40 – 8 = 32) to get the answer.

• For multiplication: Use repeated addition or grouping. Instead of calculating 3 × 4 as 3+3+3+3, recognize it as 3 groups of 4, giving 12 instantly.

• For division: Think in terms of equal groups. If you split 12 chocolates among 4 friends, divide mentally as 12 ÷ 4 = 3 chocolates per person.

By mastering mental shortcuts and understanding operator precedence (PEMDAS), arithmetic operations become faster, more accurate, and applicable in real-life situations.

Order of Operators: PEMDAS

Are you solving a complex math puzzle where every piece fits perfectly?

PEMDAS is a set of rules that represents the order of operations in mathematics. This set of rules is useful even for school-going students. 

What does PEMDAS stand for? It’s the sequence that math follows:

• Parentheses,
• Exponents,
• Multiplication,
• Division,
• Addition,
• Subtraction.

Examples:

If you solve 6 + 2 × (8 ÷ 4), PEMDAS tells you to do parentheses first, then division, multiplication, and addition. Answer: 6 + 2 × 2 = 6 + 4 = 10.

Conclusion:

Arithmetic is more than just numbers and calculations—it’s the heart of problem-solving. The PEMDAS rule makes the calculations simple and joyful. Step-by-step flow makes even the toughest math problems feel conquerable. This journey of conquer remains tasteless without mental math. With mental math in your hands, you’ll turn challenges into solutions, numbers into allies, and every equation into a story of success. 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q # 01: What are the four basic arithmetic operations?

The four basic arithmetic operations are addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (×), and division (÷).

Q # 02: Why is arithmetic important in daily life?

Arithmetic helps in budgeting, shopping, measuring ingredients, and making quick decisions without a calculator.

Q # 03: What is the order of arithmetic operations?

The PEMDAS rule (Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication, Division, Addition, Subtraction) determines the order of operations.